The Reality Of The Situation To Plant Mulberry Growing In Quang Nam And The Recovery Solution, Developed In Time To

Implementation of provincial people's committees at no. 2545/PPC-23/5/2017 KTN on the preparation and content of work with world silk Association, Department of agriculture and rural development reported the reality of the situation to plant strawberries growing in Quang Nam and propose some solutions for restore Mulberry profession development in time to the following: 

1. Some strokes of Mulberry cultivation situation, silk in Quang Nam 

a. the advantages in developing mulberry cultivation, SilkWorm rearing

Mulberry planting, growing, silk, silk nursery is the traditional manufacturing industries and has long life in Vietnam. Mulberry growing compared to some other agricultural production has the advantage as the investment costs for the production process of low-spin so fast payback this profession accordingly with the livelihood of the farmers. 

Quang Nam province has many potential development with Mulberry cultivation land for waterfront yard shrubbery growth development. Climate, weather conditions were also favorable for cultivation of Mulberry growing. Besides, the province has many of the world's cultural heritage, many attractions such as the old town Hoi An, M? Son, many traditional villages should develop tourism so Mulberry growing, silk, silk nursery has developed under conditions and support for tourism. 

b. status of Mulberry cultivation, SilkWorm rearing in Quang Nam 

-Area, the allocation: 

In Quang Nam, the manufacturing area shrubbery flourished for the eighties of the previous century, the area of cultivated Mulberry peak for the period in 1981-1982 with an area of cultivated Mulberry up to about 5,500 ha. Due to the many different variations (changes to forms of economic management, market, price and product competition of other crops ...) should be an area of cultivated Mulberry fluctuations of continuous reduction. Until 1997, the area of Mulberry in left over 300 ha, then had to recover on the stage of 2004-2005 but also the area of about 500 hectares on the bottom only. Nnurses of xen, pillow service with other crops (peppers, Phaseolus...), taking care of shrubbery limited, shrubbery was not intensive investment. 

-The province has 3 districts, covering an area of cultivated Mulberry is the only TRANS-loc, main, power table. 

-Mulberry Varieties, breeds silkworms, productivity, output: 

Mulberry are perennial, growing 10-15 new year harvest times are improving. Mulberry planting after 6 months can harvest leaves. First year of output by half compared to the second year. Mulberry for high productivity from the second year onwards. Mulberry leaves normal output reached 15-20 tons/ha, if intensive investments reached 25-30 tons/ha. 

In Quang Nam, Mulberry varieties produced mostly is just like Mulberry planting, II Sa by hom. This is more like Mulberry enter from China through the sectoral, not yet through official assay in Vietnam. Besides, some households planted Mulberry varieties by VH13; This is just like the F1 hybrids, planted with Mulberry, because of sericulture Research Centre and has been selected by the Central Ministry of agriculture and rural development-recognized national breed. However people keep spreading this to plant varieties from the hom should yield no higher. 

About growing only 6-7 litters a year. Silkworm varieties popular nowadays are bred in Quang Nam is the same cross-platform, silkworms cocoons, fresh yellow dot, just like it has silkworm resistant to hot, humid weather and diseases. Same source Silkworms are operated by the company Pacific sericulture. 

-Economic efficiency of Mulberry cultivation 

+ According to the calculations of the farmer: 2 pole vault following planting Mulberry, 4-6 can feed 1 egg box, adopted each year by age 7, yield: 1 normal egg box for 20 kg cocoon; So: 1 ha of Mulberry farming is 70 boxes of eggs/year for products 1400kg pods. Cocoon price 2016:100,000-120,000 VND/kg, 140 income-160 million/ha/year. 

+ Theoretical way: 

The number of Mulberry to feed silkworms for 1 kg average 17-18 kg pods. Good breeders need 15-16kg, poor breeders need 19-20 kg. 

Mulberry yield around 1,500 kg-1750 kg/nest/1 year (approximately 30-35 tons of leaves/1ha), each year about raising silkworm litter 7. 

As such, the Chinese army of the Mulberry productivity 30 tons/ha can for 1,500 products kg Cocoon (Mulberry leaves the highest consumption), news for the revenue from 150-180 million/ha. 

Also, enlist young at Mulberry can plant peanut plants xen. If planting may collect about 50 kg/pole vault news about 1 ton/ha, for extra income of about 20 million/ha. 

Human family about 3 5-6 nest care Mulberry workers is medium. 

- Status of Mulberry cultivation, SilkWorm rearing h today's converged 

At present, have to say the Mulberry cultivation, growing, silk silk nursery has been lost, with only scattered with an area of about 12.25 ha, of which Karuna 12 ha (including: 1 ha in Rural America-Only Concerts, 2 ha in Rural North Country Rate, Rate-Only, 8 hectares in the Countryside East of Saddle-Duy Trinh, 1 ha in Rural Latin American Association-Southern Phuoc TT) and power Pong 0.25 ha (in the Villages of Phu West-Optical Power). On this area, the people planted Mulberry to take leaves, each year felling the pain Mulberry 1 times, besides also growing leguminous vegetables such as xen, melon, pumpkin ... into an area of Mulberry growers to have more income. The local in Karuna are recovering Mulberry cultivation for sale "silkworms nine" (the mulberry prepare to né) food, also at the Crossroad of people planting Mulberry to sell and take the pods as food sales pupae; the income from this profession about 4.8-5 million/pole vault (96-100 million/ha), not to mention revenue from crops and xen. 

The main cause of the deterioration and loss of Mulberry cultivation is due to be inferior in comparison to competitive production of other plants such as spinach, beans. 
The cultivation on soil Beach today but were difficult due to the effects of climate change (drought, flooding unusual) but the production of vegetables, coloration on this land for the great value and high economic efficiency for the farmers. Currently, the farming value on these soils very high Beach, farmers produce the high economic value like peppers, peanuts, corn, tobacco, bean co ve ... with forms, intercropping, pillow service. Specifically, if the plain planting chillies will give the revenue of about 250 million/ha (productivity averaged about 25 tons/ha; only calculate the average pepper about 10,000 VND/kg, have more time to over 30,000 peppers price/kg); If planting corn and beans intercropping London: 120 million/ha in. 

Therefore, to confirm the effectiveness of investments for growing Mulberry, growing the businesses are associated with farmers have land and human conditions for the production of mulberry, silkworms on the basis of economic efficiency with the production of vegetables, coloration present. 
At present, the people, some OPERATIVES, in general they are very supportive Mulberry branches grow back, planting Mulberry, particularly on the river has many benefits: economy, keeping the soil, creating travel landscape after this. If the purchase guarantee 250 million/ha/year, then the farmers will switch. 

c. the difficulties, obstacles to development of Mulberry cultivation, SilkWorm rearing 

-The value of production and economic efficiency bring from mulberry cultivation does not compete with the production of other plants such as spinach, beans. 

-Not have Mulberry growing region-specific planning. 

-Not like Mulberry good for planting. 

-Market (cocoon) difficult, yet the link business investment cultivation mulberry and how the target product should not encourage people to produce. 

2. The potential and development of Mulberry cultivation orientation in Quang Nam 

a. the potential 

-Quang Nam has the advantage of land planted with Mulberry, including land along the Thu Bon river beach (Karuna, electricity, Dai Loc district and Paint Farm) and Artichoke (Dai Loc district), an area of up to 3,000 ha. 

-Current home to the old Silk nursery area in Optical Power Township covers an area of 2 hectares; The old Mulberry company in the area near the top of the Marine Traffic Bridge, an area of near 1 ha. This is the location can refer to businesses considering doing the gathering places of raw material, intermediate, or expanding production. 

-The only regular in the silk Code Chau OPERATIVES with experience in purchasing and Silk weaving. 

-Farmers in these areas have experienced and skilled in the cultivation of Mulberry ... 
The trend of consumers in Vietnam as well as consumers of water in the world is the preferred use of traditional products, the products of natural origin, especially for products made of silk material. The international silk Association and the silk producing countries that currently produce not meet consumer needs and trends use the silk in the world is rising. Right in the domestic consumption market consumer demand also increased a lot because people's lives are improving. Quang Nam province has great advantages for the development of craft products including Mulberry profession thanks to closely associated with tourism potential. 

b. goal: 

Restore the mulberry cultivation in order to develop production, keeping the traditional occupations of the people of Quang Nam; consistent with the orientation of development of tourism in association with traditional villages; the fit policy to convert the plant to enhance the added value and sustainable development. 

c. the content implementation: 

-Area likely to make Mulberry planting about 3,000 ha, expected to convert part of area from the land planted with peppers, peanuts, corn, vegetables, beans ... at the beach coastal land area River (Karuna, electricity, Dai Loc district, Nong son district) and the Vu Gia (Loc) to Mulberry plantings. 

- Mulberry Varieties: Mulberry varieties introduced hybrid F1 yield, quality, and was recognized officially about planting, as the same VH9, VH13, VH15 ... Implement intensive processes to achieve high productivity. 

-Just like the Mulberry: mulberry varieties used vary according to the season. Usually divided into 2 crop growing markedly, according to that same structure silkworms also classified into 2 main groups. Summer-usually raising the breed silkworms multi hybrid system (F1), the form of fresh yellow pods, pods and part athletic white pods system F1 silkworm varieties are hybrids created in countries with high vitality. Longer spring, service currency cool weather should foster was a white cocoon silkworm varieties enter. 

-Restore the village (Mulberry planting, growing, silk). 

-Link product consumption, production. 

d. a number of solutions 

To preserve and develop the mulberry cultivation, weaving silk in Quang Nam, should implement the solution: 

-Solutions for manufacturing organizations: mulberry production currently being made manually in small scale, take advantage of the housing conditions, solve agricultural workers idle, the application of technical progress not yet high. To develop Mulberry production firm direction is done professionalization and modernization of production. Need professional by: growing the focus and large growing to specialized in the Organization of production and management, enhance productivity and efficiency. To diversify the products, make the most of extra product, exploiting the advantage of profession, price of the main product. 

-Scientific and technological solutions: mulberry production development towards applications that synchronize the advanced techniques into production in order to increase productivity, reduce material costs, reduced labour, lost, thereby reducing the effectiveness of the production: 

+ Silkworm varieties application, much like the new Mulberry yield, high quality. 

+ Major growing technologies on the floor. 

+ Modernization of the nursery industry and silk. Improving the quality of silk, developed the products featured are processing level of silk. 

+ Livestock and farming systems in manufacturing: development of Mulberry production should be done in an agricultural system with xen plants needed and with other breeding operations to exploit the maximum potential of land and labor. 

-Solution planning: planning the Mulberry growing region advantage is the beach along the main river systems (Vu Gia-Thu Bon). However this land prone to compete with many other crops which are strong as corn, beans, peppers, assorted Park watermelons ... So planning to plant Mulberry need to be associated with the implementation of the system of rotational farming, intercropping. Perform the accumulation of land, regional planning of planting Mulberry to form the raw materials. 

-Agricultural extension solution: build a new breed of Mulberry pattern, growing the focus, growing older in the background pressure home sync the advanced techniques to organize study tours then people self-spread the knowledge and practice. 

-Investment: encourage enterprises investing seed supply, materials, purchasing, product processing chain link. Business activity associated with the material, is responsible for supplying the raw materials and production at the same time purchasing products in the region. The Department does not yet have, conduct established OPERATIVES, THT to facilitate the linking of production later. 

3. Some of the content should discuss 

-Ability to develop sericulture in Quang Nam: 

+ Area: can transform an area of tree planting bed in Beach land of Aboriginal land, waterfront, WH (currently planted with peanuts, chili peppers, corn, beans do...) to Mulberry plantings. 

+ Economic performance: Planting Mulberry must have high economic efficiency with the production of the existing viaduct crops (peanuts, corn, peppers, ...), income from planting Mulberry reaches about 250 million new stroke/ha encourage people to convert. 

+ Silk Weaving traditional craft: tied to developing tourism (Son-Karuna, Hoi); textile air: expansion of the base of the existing textile (for example the silk Code OPERATIVES-Karuna...) 

-The same work: 

+ Mulberry Varieties: You enter the same F1 hybrid Mulberry yield, quality, and was recognized officially about planting, as the same VH9, VH13, VH15 ... 

+ Silkworm Varieties: Use the mulberry varieties suitable to the conditions of Quang Nam, Quang Nam people currently raising silkworm varieties most hybrid system (F1), yellow pods fresh. 

-The role of farmers: land and people make the switch to plant Mulberry growing; done properly according to the process were instructed; done properly the contract signed with the business. 

-The role of the business: Business will contract with farmers through COOPERATIVES, THT to l up the production goal. Investment business just like Mulberry, mulberry varieties, cultivation technique tutorial ... and purchase the product of silkworm cocoon farmers. 

-State: need advocates, policy mechanism that encourages capital, land ... to facilitate the business growing Mulberry on the province; facilitate the professional body building model to transfer and technical training for the people 

The above is the report status of Mulberry growing growing province and propose solutions to recover, growing Mulberry trades in time to come, the Department of agriculture and rural development reported.